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==Actions=====Underweight or overweight?===
At moderate weight deviations, corrections can be made by adjusting contrast dose proportionally to patient weight. Still, the needed dose is actually proportional to the ''lean body weight'' of the patient. For both men and women weighing more than about 85 kg,<ref group="notes">At above this weight, calculated contrast amount with the Boer formula deviates more than 10% from both the weight-unadjusted amount, as well as the amount taken proportionally to the weight, for both men and women.</ref> contrast dose is optimally calculated by the Boer formula, using height and weight of the patient.<ref name="CarusoDe Santis2018">{{cite journal|last1=Caruso|first1=Damiano|last2=De Santis|first2=Domenico|last3=Rivosecchi|first3=Flaminia|last4=Zerunian|first4=Marta|last5=Panvini|first5=Nicola|last6=Montesano|first6=Marta|last7=Biondi|first7=Tommaso|last8=Bellini|first8=Davide|last9=Rengo|first9=Marco|last10=Laghi|first10=Andrea|title=Lean Body Weight-Tailored Iodinated Contrast Injection in Obese Patient: Boer versus James Formula|journal=BioMed Research International|volume=2018|year=2018|pages=1–6|issn=2314-6133|doi=10.1155/2018/8521893}}</ref> Taking this formula, the needed volume of IV contrast from the unadjusted volume given in the table above becomes:
[[File:Diagram - weight.png|thumb|Boer formula for volume of contrast in a normal height patient if having received 60 ml if weight was normal.<ref group="notes">176 cm male and 162 cm female</ref>]]
Still, it is generally enough to make a rough estimation of the needed contrast, since there are for example inherent standard deviations in the usage of creatinine or cystatin C in calculating GFR.
==Actions==
===Treating risk factors===
Risk factors can sometimes be treated or at least mitigated, especially if having suddenly appeared, such as a decreased renal function when it was previously normal. In such cases a common easily treated cause is dehydration.
'''Hydration''' should be done in patients with suspected dehydration, and is done by drinking or by intravenous volume expander, either before or after contract administration, decreases the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy. It should be avoided otherwise.<ref namegroup="YangHiremath2013notes">Hydration of non-dehydrated individuals seems to only increase complication rates, including electrolyte imbalances and cardiac arrhythmias:<br>{{cite journal|last1=YangNijssen|first1=XiaomingEstelle C|last2=HiremathRennenberg|first2=SwapnilRoger J|last3=AkbariNelemans|first3=AyubPatty J|last4=ShabanaEssers|first4=WaelBrigitte A|last5=FergussonJanssen|first5=Dean A.Marga M|last6=KnollVermeeren|first6=Greg Marja A.|last7=Ommen|first7=Vincent van|last8=Wildberger|first8=Joachim E|title=Prevention Prophylactic hydration to protect renal function from intravascular iodinated contrast material in patients at high risk of Contrastcontrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injuryinduced nephropathy (AMACING): Is Simple Oral Hydration Similar To Intravenous? A Systematic Review of the Evidencea prospective, randomised, phase 3, controlled, open-label, non-inferiority trial|journal=PLoS ONEThe Lancet|volume=8389|issue=310076|year=20132017|pages=e600091312–1322|issn=1932-620301406736|doi=10.13711016/journal.pone.0060009S0140-6736(17)30057-0}}</ref>
===Adjust radiation===