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===;When it matters===
===;Prevention===
==Hyperthyroidism==
Patients at risk for contrast-induced hyperthyroidism are mainly those with diagnosed yet untreated hyperthyroidism, which may motivate contrast-free alternatives such as using a different modality.<ref name=UpToDate-thyr>{{cite web|url=https://www.uptodate.com/contents/iodine-induced-thyroid-dysfunction|title=Iodine-induced thyroid dysfunction|author=Martin I Surks, MD|website=UpToDate}} This topic last updated: Apr 02, 2019.</ref>
In older patients with multinodular goiter and borderline low or subnormal TSH concentrations, a suggested measure is measurement of thyroid function tests three to four weeks after contrast administration.<ref name=UpToDate-thyr/> Limited evidence suggests that antithyroid agents before the investigation may blunt or prevent hyperthyroidism.<ref name=UpToDate-thyr/>
Organized
'''Washout''' is where tissue loads radiocontrast during arterial phase, but then returns to a rather hypodense state in venous or later phases. This is a property of for example [[hepatocellular carcinoma]] as compared to the rest of the liver parenchyma.<ref name="ChoiLee2014">{{cite journal|last1=Choi|first1=Jin-Young|last2=Lee|first2=Jeong-Min|last3=Sirlin|first3=Claude B.|title=CT and MR Imaging Diagnosis and Staging of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Part II. Extracellular Agents, Hepatobiliary Agents, and Ancillary Imaging Features|journal=Radiology|volume=273|issue=1|year=2014|pages=30–50|issn=0033-8419|doi=10.1148/radiol.14132362|pmc=4263770|pmid=25247563}}</ref>
==Risk factors==In Swedish practice<ref>{{NU Hospital Group}}</ref> the standard risk factor questions include presence or absence of:*Diabetes*Thyroid disorders*Renal or urinary disease*Heart disease*Myasthenia gravis ===Low renal function===
{{Main|CT with IV contrast in low renal function}}
Decreased renal function and several other conditions increase the risk of '''contrast-induced nephropathy''', which is a potentially lethal renal injury to the kidney following intravenous radiocontrast.<ref name="RudnickFeldman2008">{{cite journal|last1=Rudnick|first1=M.|last2=Feldman|first2=H.|title=Contrast-Induced Nephropathy: What Are the True Clinical Consequences?|journal=Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology|volume=3|issue=1|year=2008|pages=263–272|issn=1555-9041|doi=10.2215/CJN.03690907}}</ref>
According to European guidelines, the main risk factors of ''contrast-induced nephropathy'':<ref name="NymanAhlkvist2018">{{cite journal|last1=Nyman|first1=Ulf|last2=Ahlkvist|first2=Joanna|last3=Aspelin|first3=Peter|last4=Brismar|first4=Torkel|last5=Frid|first5=Anders|last6=Hellström|first6=Mikael|last7=Liss|first7=Per|last8=Sterner|first8=Gunnar|last9=Leander|first9=Peter|title=Preventing contrast medium-induced acute kidney injury|journal=European Radiology|year=2018|issn=0938-7994|doi=10.1007/s00330-018-5678-6}}</ref>
*Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of less than '''30 ml/min'''/1.73 m2 before intra-venous or intra-arterial radiocontrast administration with second-pass renal exposure (passing lungs or other tissues before the kidneys).
''Further reading: [[CT with IV contrast in low renal function]]''
===Allergy===
[[File:Intramuscular site of adrenaline.jpg|150px|thumb]]
{{Main|Contrast medium reaction}}
*Summon an '''anesthesiologist'''
{{Main|Prevention of contrast medium reaction}}
Before a contrast CT of a patient with known allergic-like or unknown-type of contrast reaction to the same class of contrast medium (such as iodinated), the American College of of Radiology recommends premedication with a glucocorticoid, preferably starting 12 or 13 hours before contrast administration.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.acr.org/-/media/ACR/Files/Clinical-Resources/Contrast_Media.pdf#page=11|title=Page 9 in: ACR Manual On Contrast Media|website=American College of Radiology, Committee on Drugs and Contrast Media|accessdate=2018-08-25}} Version 10.3. 2018. ACR </ref>
===Hyperthyroidism===
Patients at risk for contrast-induced hyperthyroidism are mainly those with diagnosed yet untreated hyperthyroidism, which may motivate contrast-free alternatives such as using a different modality.<ref name=UpToDate-thyr>{{cite web|url=https://www.uptodate.com/contents/iodine-induced-thyroid-dysfunction|title=Iodine-induced thyroid dysfunction|author=Martin I Surks, MD|website=UpToDate}} This topic last updated: Apr 02, 2019.</ref>
In older patients with multinodular goiter and borderline low or subnormal TSH concentrations, a suggested measure is measurement of thyroid function tests three to four weeks after contrast administration.<ref name=UpToDate-thyr/> Limited evidence suggests that antithyroid agents before the investigation may blunt or prevent hyperthyroidism.<ref name=UpToDate-thyr/>
==Phases==
*Disappearance of contrast in all abdominal structures except for tissue with [[fibrosis]], which appears more radiodense.
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==Locations==
