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→Other risk factors: regardless of GFR
Metformin use potentially causes lactic acidosis if contrast-induced nephropathy occurs, and according to European guidelines it should be stopped at least 48 hours before a CT with IV contrast if GFR is between 30 and 44 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>. If lower, no contrast should be given unless absolutely necessary.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.esur.org/guidelines/|website=ESUR|accessdate=2018-11-09}}</ref>
Other relative or absolute contraindications to IV contrast , regardless of GFR, are [[CT_with_IV_contrast#Allergy|contrast allergy]] and untreated hyperthyroidism.
==How much contrast can be given?==
