Administrators, Editors, Administrators
3,484
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
→Causes: Table
===Causes===
Attempt to indicate either of the main causes: Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) versus cerebral atrophy (as part of [[CT in dementia]]):
{|class="wikitable"
| ||colspan=2|
<gallery mode=packed heights=220>
File:Normal pressure hydrocephalus versus atrophy.jpg|Head CT in normal pressure hydrocephalus (left image) and head MRI (right image), in the coronal plane at the level of the posterior commissure. In the left image, the CSF spaces over the convexity near the vertex are narrowed ("tight convexity", red circle), as are the medial cisterns (red circle) - these are typical findings of NPH. On the right image, however, the CSF spaces over the convexity near the vertex (red arrow) and the medial cisterns (green arrow) are widened, a finding consistent with brain atrophy. <br>The blue lines in both images indicate the callosal angle: an acute angle is typical of NPH (left image), while an obtuse angle is typical of brain atrophy (right image). <br>The blue arrows indicate leucoaraiosis (periventricular signal alterations). In the left image these may well represent transependymal CSF diapedesis due to NPH. The unilateral occurrence of these alterations in right image suggests they are probably due to vascular encephalopathy.<ref name="Damasceno2015">{{cite journal|last1=Damasceno|first1=Benito Pereira|title=Neuroimaging in normal pressure hydrocephalus|journal=Dementia & Neuropsychologia|volume=9|issue=4|year=2015|pages=350–355|issn=1980-5764|doi=10.1590/1980-57642015DN94000350}}</ref>
</gallery>
|-
| Projection ||colspan=2| Coronal plane at the level of the posterior commissure of the brain.
|-
| Condition || Normal pressure hydrocephalus<ref name="Damasceno2015">{{cite journal|last1=Damasceno|first1=Benito Pereira|title=Neuroimaging in normal pressure hydrocephalus|journal=Dementia & Neuropsychologia|volume=9|issue=4|year=2015|pages=350–355|issn=1980-5764|doi=10.1590/1980-57642015DN94000350}}</ref> || Brain atrophy<ref name="Damasceno2015"/>
|-
| Modality || CT || MRI
|-
| CSF spaces over the convexity near the vertex (red ellipse [[File:Red ellipse.png|20px]]) || Narrowed convexity ("tight convexity") as well as medial cisterns || Widened vertex (red arrow) and medial cisterns (green arrow)
|-
| Callosal angle (blue <font color="DodgerBlue">'''V'''</font>) || Acute angle || Obtuse angle is typical of brain atrophy
|-
| Leucoaraiosis (periventricular signal alterations, blue arrows [[File:Flecha tesela.svg|25px]]) || May well represent transependymal CSF diapedesis due to NPH
| Probably due to vascular encephalopathy, suggested by unilateral occurrence
|}
{{Bottom}}
