Difference between revisions of "CT of the thorax"
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+ | {{Top | ||
+ | |author1=[[User:Mikael Häggström|Mikael Häggström]] | ||
+ | |author2= | ||
+ | }} | ||
==Normal anatomy== | ==Normal anatomy== | ||
− | [[File:High-resolution computed tomographs of a normal thorax (thumbnail).jpg|thumb|link= | + | [[File:High-resolution computed tomographs of a normal thorax (thumbnail).jpg|thumb|center|link=Commons:Scrollable high-resolution computed tomography images of a normal thorax|High-resolution computed tomographs of a normal thorax, taken in the axial, coronal and sagittal planes, respectively. {{noprint|[[Commons:Scrollable high-resolution computed tomography images of a normal thorax|Click here to scroll through the image stacks.]]}}]] |
+ | |||
+ | ==Regions== | ||
+ | <gallery> | ||
+ | File:CT of the heart.jpg|link=CT of the heart|[[CT of the heart|CT of the '''heart''']] | ||
+ | </gallery> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Angiography== | ||
+ | [[CT angiography]] of the thorax is a [[contrast CT]] exam, tailored to the proper [[contrast phase]] depending on the level of the suspected condition by the referring clinician: | ||
+ | *Veins from contrast infusion | ||
+ | :*[[CT of superior vena cava syndrome|CT of '''superior vena cava syndrome''']] | ||
+ | *Pulmonary veins | ||
+ | :*[[CT of pulmonary embolism|CT of '''pulmonary embolism''']] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Basic screening== | ||
+ | *'''Lung parenchyma''': Scan for opacities, preferably at a [[maximum intensity projection]] of about 8 mm in order to detect any lung nodules (if found, see '''[[CT of lung nodules]]''').<ref name="KawelSeifert2009">{{cite journal|last1=Kawel|first1=Nadine|last2=Seifert|first2=Burkhardt|last3=Luetolf|first3=Marcus|last4=Boehm|first4=Thomas|title=Effect of Slab Thickness on the CT Detection of Pulmonary Nodules: Use of Sliding Thin-Slab Maximum Intensity Projection and Volume Rendering|journal=American Journal of Roentgenology|volume=192|issue=5|year=2009|pages=1324–1329|issn=0361-803X|doi=10.2214/AJR.08.1689}}</ref> | ||
+ | *'''Pleura''', for any fluid in the dorsal parts | ||
+ | *'''Skeleton''': Any signs of damage. | ||
+ | *'''Lymph''' nodes in mediastinal, hilar and axial areas. ''If possibly enlarged, see '''[[CT of thoracic lymphadenopathy]]''' | ||
+ | *Visible '''abdominal''' volumes for any expansions or focal changes in the liver, adrenals or spleen. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Report=== | ||
+ | Even absence of: | ||
+ | *Opacities in the lung parenchyma. | ||
+ | *Pleural fluid. | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{Reporting}} | ||
==Diseases== | ==Diseases== | ||
− | *[[CT of pulmonary embolism]] | + | ;Lungs |
+ | *[[CT of lung nodules|CT of '''lung nodules''']] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ;Vascular | ||
+ | *[[CT of pulmonary embolism|CT of '''pulmonary embolism''']] | ||
+ | *[[CT of superior vena cava syndrome|CT of '''superior vena cava syndrome''']] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ;Lymph nodes | ||
+ | *[[CT of thoracic lymphadenopathy|CT of thoracic '''lymphadenopathy''']] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Pulmonary hypertension=== | ||
+ | The presence of a dilated main pulmonary artery of 29 mm or more in combination with an artery–to-bronchus diameter ratio of 1:1 or more at segmental level in three or four lobes, confers a specificity of 100% for the presence of pulmonary hypertension.<ref name="PeñaDennie2012">{{cite journal|last1=Peña|first1=Elena|last2=Dennie|first2=Carole|last3=Veinot|first3=John|last4=Muñiz|first4=Susana Hernández|title=Pulmonary Hypertension: How the Radiologist Can Help|journal=RadioGraphics|volume=32|issue=1|year=2012|pages=9–32|issn=0271-5333|doi=10.1148/rg.321105232}}</ref> | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{Bottom}} |
Latest revision as of 09:06, 17 September 2019
Author:
Mikael Häggström [notes 1]
Contents
Normal anatomy
Regions
Angiography
CT angiography of the thorax is a contrast CT exam, tailored to the proper contrast phase depending on the level of the suspected condition by the referring clinician:
- Veins from contrast infusion
- Pulmonary veins
Basic screening
- Lung parenchyma: Scan for opacities, preferably at a maximum intensity projection of about 8 mm in order to detect any lung nodules (if found, see CT of lung nodules).[1]
- Pleura, for any fluid in the dorsal parts
- Skeleton: Any signs of damage.
- Lymph nodes in mediastinal, hilar and axial areas. If possibly enlarged, see CT of thoracic lymphadenopathy
- Visible abdominal volumes for any expansions or focal changes in the liver, adrenals or spleen.
Report
Even absence of:
- Opacities in the lung parenchyma.
- Pleural fluid.
- See also: General notes on reporting
Diseases
- Lungs
- Vascular
- Lymph nodes
Pulmonary hypertension
The presence of a dilated main pulmonary artery of 29 mm or more in combination with an artery–to-bronchus diameter ratio of 1:1 or more at segmental level in three or four lobes, confers a specificity of 100% for the presence of pulmonary hypertension.[2]
Notes
- ↑ For a full list of contributors, see article history. Creators of images are attributed at the image description pages, seen by clicking on the images. See Radlines:Authorship for details.
References
- ↑ Kawel, Nadine; Seifert, Burkhardt; Luetolf, Marcus; Boehm, Thomas (2009). "Effect of Slab Thickness on the CT Detection of Pulmonary Nodules: Use of Sliding Thin-Slab Maximum Intensity Projection and Volume Rendering ". American Journal of Roentgenology 192 (5): 1324–1329. doi: . ISSN 0361-803X.
- ↑ Peña, Elena; Dennie, Carole; Veinot, John; Muñiz, Susana Hernández (2012). "Pulmonary Hypertension: How the Radiologist Can Help ". RadioGraphics 32 (1): 9–32. doi: . ISSN 0271-5333.