Difference between revisions of "Hounsfield unit"
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A '''Hounsfield unit''' ('''HU''') is a measure of the radiodensity of a substance on a [[CT]], where water has 0 HU and air has -1000 HU. | A '''Hounsfield unit''' ('''HU''') is a measure of the radiodensity of a substance on a [[CT]], where water has 0 HU and air has -1000 HU. | ||
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{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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| −120 to −90<ref name=Lepor2000/> | | −120 to −90<ref name=Lepor2000/> | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | colspan=2| Soft | + | | colspan=2| Soft tissue on [[contrast CT]] |
| +100 to +300 | | +100 to +300 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |rowspan=2| Bone || Cancellous || +300 to +400<ref name="BirurPatrick2017">{{cite journal|last1=Birur|first1=NPraveen|last2=Patrick|first2=Sanjana|last3=Gurushanth|first3=Keerthi|last4=Raghavan|first4=AShubhasini|last5=Gurudath|first5=Shubha|title=Comparison of gray values of cone-beam computed tomography with hounsfield units of multislice computed tomography: An in vitro study|journal=Indian Journal of Dental Research|volume=28|issue=1|year=2017|pages=66|issn=0970-9290|doi=10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_415_16}}</ref> |
− | | | + | |- |
− | + | | Cortical || +1800 to +1900<ref name="BirurPatrick2017"/> | |
− | + | |- | |
− | + | |rowspan=3| Subdural hematoma || First hours || +75 to +100<ref name="Rao2016">Fig 3 in: {{cite journal|last1=Rao|first1=Murali Gundu|title=Dating of Early Subdural Haematoma: A Correlative Clinico-Radiological Study|journal=Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research|volume=10|issue=4|pages=HC01–5|year=2016|issn=2249782X|doi=10.7860/JCDR/2016/17207.7644|pmid=27190831|pmc=4866129}}</ref> | |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | After 3 days || +65 to +85<ref name="Rao2016"/> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | After 10-14 days || +35 to +40<ref>{{cite web|url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/subdural-haemorrhage|author=Dr Rohit Sharma and A.Prof Frank Gaillard|accessdate=2018-08-14|website=Radiopaedia|title=Subdural haemorrhage}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |rowspan=2| Other blood || Unclotted || +13<ref name=fosbinder2011>[https://books.google.com/books?id=jRVg5ilM1UEC&pg=PA263 Page 263] in: {{cite book|title=Essentials of Radiologic Science|author=Robert Fosbinder, Denise Orth|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|year=2011|isbn=9780781775540}}</ref> to +50<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Bif0zpmEWtAC&pg=SA20-PA17 page 20.17] in: {{cite book|title=Radiology of the Chest and Related Conditions|author=F W Wright|publisher=CRC Press|year=2001|isbn=9780415281416}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Clotted || +50<ref name=fast2006>[https://books.google.com/books?id=4HaPJYaXXSAC&pg=PA17 page 17] in: {{cite book|title=Navigating the Adult Spine: Bridging Clinical Practice and Neuroradiology|author=Dr. Avital Fast, Dorith Goldsher|publisher=Demos Medical Publishing|year=2006|isbn=9781934559741}}</ref> to +75<ref name=fosbinder2011/><ref name=fast2006/> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |rowspan=2| Pleural effusion || Transudate || +2 to +15 <ref name="CulluKalemci2013">{{cite journal|last1=Cullu|first1=Nesat|last2=Kalemci|first2=Serdar|last3=Karakas|first3=Omer|last4=Eser|first4=Irfan|last5=Yalcin|first5=Funda|last6=Boyaci|first6=Fatma Nurefsan|last7=Karakas|first7=Ekrem|title=Efficacy of CT in diagnosis of transudates and exudates in patients with pleural effusion|journal=Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology|year=2013|issn=13053825|doi=10.5152/dir.2013.13066}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Exudate || +4 to +33<ref name="CulluKalemci2013"/> | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |rowspan= | + | |rowspan=7| Other fluids || Chyle |
| −30<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=QmLNBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA342 Page 342] in: {{cite book|title=Multi-Detector CT Imaging: Principles, Head, Neck, and Vascular Systems, Volume 1|author=Luca Saba, Jasjit S. Suri|publisher=CRC Press|year=2013|isbn=9781439893845}}</ref> | | −30<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=QmLNBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA342 Page 342] in: {{cite book|title=Multi-Detector CT Imaging: Principles, Head, Neck, and Vascular Systems, Volume 1|author=Luca Saba, Jasjit S. Suri|publisher=CRC Press|year=2013|isbn=9781439893845}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| -5 to +15<ref name=Lepor2000/> | | -5 to +15<ref name=Lepor2000/> | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |Cerebrospinal fluid | + | |Cerebrospinal fluid |
| +15 | | +15 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | Abscess | + | | [[Abscess]] / Pus |
− | | +20 | + | | 0<ref name=ecr>{{cite web|url=http://pdf.posterng.netkey.at/download/index.php?module=get_pdf_by_id&poster_id=119826|title=Liver abscesses: where do they come from?A review of the main types of liver abscesses and the correlation between their causes and the radiologic findings|author=P. Sanchez de Medina Alba, C. Santos Montón, N. Calvo, K. El Karzazi, T. González de la Huebra Labrador, R. Corrales, N. Alegre Borge; Salamanca/ES|doi=10.1594/ecr2014/C-1927|website=ECR 2014}}</ref> or +20<ref name="SasakiMiyata2014">{{cite journal|last1=Sasaki|first1=Toru|last2=Miyata|first2=Rie|last3=Hatai|first3=Yoshiho|last4=Makita|first4=Kohzoh|last5=Tsunoda|first5=Koichi|title=Hounsfield unit values of retropharyngeal abscess-like lesions seen in Kawasaki disease|journal=Acta Oto-Laryngologica|volume=134|issue=4|year=2014|pages=437–440|issn=0001-6489|doi=10.3109/00016489.2013.878475|pmid=24512428}}</ref>, to +40<ref name="SasakiMiyata2014"/> or +45<ref name=ecr/> |
− | |||
− | |||
− | | | ||
− | |||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Mucus | | Mucus | ||
− | | 0<ref>{{ | + | | 0<ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://medind.nic.in/ibn/t06/i2/ibnt06i2p191.pdf|title=Mucocoele Of The Appendix|author=K SAGGAR, A AHLUWALIA, P SANDHU, V KALIA|journal=Ind J Radiol Imag|year=2006|volume=16|issue=2}}</ref> - 130<ref name="GaetaVinci2001">{{cite journal|last1=Gaeta|first1=Michele|last2=Vinci|first2=Sergio|last3=Minutoli|first3=Fabio|last4=Mazziotti|first4=Silvio|last5=Ascenti|first5=Giorgio|last6=Salamone|first6=Ignazio|last7=Lamberto|first7=Salvatore|last8=Blandino|first8=Alfredo|title=CT and MRI findings of mucin-containing tumors and pseudotumors of the thorax: pictorial review|journal=European Radiology|volume=12|issue=1|year=2001|pages=181–189|issn=0938-7994|doi=10.1007/s003300100934|pmid=11868096}}</ref> ("high attenuating" at over 70 HU)<ref>{{cite journal|title=High-Attenuation Mucus Impaction in Patients With Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis: Objective Criteria on High-Resolution Computed Tomography and Correlation With Serologic Parameters|author=Subash S Phuyal, Mandeep Kumar MK Garg, Ritesh R Agarwal, Pankaj P Gupta, Arunaloke A Chakrabarti, Manavjit Singh MS Sandhu, Niranjan N Khandelwal|date=2015-09-02|journal=Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology}}</ref><ref name="AgarwalSehgal2016">{{cite journal|last1=Agarwal|first1=Ritesh|last2=Sehgal|first2=Inderpaul Singh|last3=Dhooria|first3=Sahajal|last4=Aggarwal|first4=Ashutosh|title=Radiologic Criteria for the Diagnosis of High-Attenuation Mucus in Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis|journal=Chest|volume=149|issue=4|year=2016|pages=1109–1110|issn=00123692|doi=10.1016/j.chest.2015.12.043|pmid=27055707}}</ref> |
|- | |- | ||
|rowspan=8| Parenchyma || Lung | |rowspan=8| Parenchyma || Lung | ||
Line 76: | Line 85: | ||
| +37 to +45 | | +37 to +45 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |rowspan=2| Gallstone || Cholesterol stone || +30 to +100<ref name="pmid2121509">{{cite journal| author=Rambow A, Staritz M, Wosiewitz U, Mildenburger P, Thelen M, Meyer zum Büschenfelde KH| title=Analysis of radiolucent gallstones by computed tomography for in vivo estimation of stone components | + | |rowspan=2| [[Gallstone]] || Cholesterol stone || +30 to +100<ref name="pmid2121509">{{cite journal| author=Rambow A, Staritz M, Wosiewitz U, Mildenburger P, Thelen M, Meyer zum Büschenfelde KH| title=Analysis of radiolucent gallstones by computed tomography for in vivo estimation of stone components | journal=Eur J Clin Invest | year= 1990 | volume= 20 | issue= 4 | pages= 475–8 | pmid=2121509 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2121509 }} </ref> |
|- | |- | ||
| Bilirubin stone || +90 to +120<ref name="pmid2121509"/> | | Bilirubin stone || +90 to +120<ref name="pmid2121509"/> | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |rowspan=7| Foreign body<ref name="BolligerOesterhelweg2009">{{cite journal|last1=Bolliger|first1=Stephan A.|last2=Oesterhelweg|first2=Lars|last3=Spendlove|first3=Danny|last4=Ross|first4=Steffen|last5=Thali|first5=Michael J.|title=Is Differentiation of Frequently Encountered Foreign Bodies in Corpses Possible by Hounsfield Density Measurement?|journal=Journal of Forensic Sciences|volume=54|issue=5|year=2009|pages=1119–1122|issn=00221198|doi=10.1111/j.1556-4029.2009.01100.x}}</ref> | + | |rowspan=7| Foreign body<ref name="BolligerOesterhelweg2009">{{cite journal|last1=Bolliger|first1=Stephan A.|last2=Oesterhelweg|first2=Lars|last3=Spendlove|first3=Danny|last4=Ross|first4=Steffen|last5=Thali|first5=Michael J.|title=Is Differentiation of Frequently Encountered Foreign Bodies in Corpses Possible by Hounsfield Density Measurement?|journal=Journal of Forensic Sciences|volume=54|issue=5|year=2009|pages=1119–1122|issn=00221198|doi=10.1111/j.1556-4029.2009.01100.x|pmid=19627414}}</ref> |
|| Windowpane glass || 500 | || Windowpane glass || 500 | ||
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Latest revision as of 21:55, 14 January 2019
Author:
Mikael Häggström [notes 1]
A Hounsfield unit (HU) is a measure of the radiodensity of a substance on a CT, where water has 0 HU and air has -1000 HU.
Substance | HU | |
---|---|---|
Air | −1000 | |
Fat | −120 to −90[1] | |
Soft tissue on contrast CT | +100 to +300 | |
Bone | Cancellous | +300 to +400[2] |
Cortical | +1800 to +1900[2] | |
Subdural hematoma | First hours | +75 to +100[3] |
After 3 days | +65 to +85[3] | |
After 10-14 days | +35 to +40[4] | |
Other blood | Unclotted | +13[5] to +50[6] |
Clotted | +50[7] to +75[5][7] | |
Pleural effusion | Transudate | +2 to +15 [8] |
Exudate | +4 to +33[8] | |
Other fluids | Chyle | −30[9] |
Water | 0 | |
Urine | -5 to +15[1] | |
Bile | -5 to +15[1] | |
Cerebrospinal fluid | +15 | |
Abscess / Pus | 0[10] or +20[11], to +40[11] or +45[10] | |
Mucus | 0[12] - 130[13] ("high attenuating" at over 70 HU)[14][15] | |
Parenchyma | Lung | -700 to −600[16] |
Kidney | +20 to +45[1] | |
Liver | 60 ± 6[17] | |
Lymph nodes | +10 to +20[18] | |
Muscle | +35 to +55[1] | |
Thymus | ||
White matter | +20 to +30 | |
Grey matter | +37 to +45 | |
Gallstone | Cholesterol stone | +30 to +100[20] |
Bilirubin stone | +90 to +120[20] | |
Foreign body[21] | Windowpane glass | 500 |
Aluminum, tarmac, car window glass, bottle glass, and other rocks | 2,100 - 2,300 | |
Limestone | 2,800 | |
Copper | 14,000 | |
Silver | 17,000 | |
Steel | 20,000 | |
Gold, steel, and brass | 30,000 (upper measurable limit) |
Notes
- ↑ For a full list of contributors, see article history. Creators of images are attributed at the image description pages, seen by clicking on the images. See Radlines:Authorship for details.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Page 83 in: Herbert Lepor (2000). Prostatic Diseases . W.B. Saunders Company. ISBN 9780721674162.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Birur, NPraveen; Patrick, Sanjana; Gurushanth, Keerthi; Raghavan, AShubhasini; Gurudath, Shubha (2017). "Comparison of gray values of cone-beam computed tomography with hounsfield units of multislice computed tomography: An in vitro study ". Indian Journal of Dental Research 28 (1): 66. doi: . ISSN 0970-9290.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Fig 3 in: Rao, Murali Gundu (2016). "Dating of Early Subdural Haematoma: A Correlative Clinico-Radiological Study ". Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research 10 (4): HC01–5. doi: . ISSN 2249782X. PMID 27190831.
- ↑ Dr Rohit Sharma and A.Prof Frank Gaillard. Subdural haemorrhage. Radiopaedia. Retrieved on 2018-08-14.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Page 263 in: Robert Fosbinder, Denise Orth (2011). Essentials of Radiologic Science . Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 9780781775540.
- ↑ page 20.17 in: F W Wright (2001). Radiology of the Chest and Related Conditions . CRC Press. ISBN 9780415281416.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 page 17 in: Dr. Avital Fast, Dorith Goldsher (2006). Navigating the Adult Spine: Bridging Clinical Practice and Neuroradiology . Demos Medical Publishing. ISBN 9781934559741.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Cullu, Nesat; Kalemci, Serdar; Karakas, Omer; Eser, Irfan; Yalcin, Funda; Boyaci, Fatma Nurefsan; Karakas, Ekrem (2013). "Efficacy of CT in diagnosis of transudates and exudates in patients with pleural effusion ". Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology. doi: . ISSN 13053825.
- ↑ Page 342 in: Luca Saba, Jasjit S. Suri (2013). Multi-Detector CT Imaging: Principles, Head, Neck, and Vascular Systems, Volume 1 . CRC Press. ISBN 9781439893845.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 P. Sanchez de Medina Alba, C. Santos Montón, N. Calvo, K. El Karzazi, T. González de la Huebra Labrador, R. Corrales, N. Alegre Borge; Salamanca/ES. Liver abscesses: where do they come from?A review of the main types of liver abscesses and the correlation between their causes and the radiologic findings. DOI:10.1594/ecr2014/C-1927. ECR 2014.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Sasaki, Toru; Miyata, Rie; Hatai, Yoshiho; Makita, Kohzoh; Tsunoda, Koichi (2014). "Hounsfield unit values of retropharyngeal abscess-like lesions seen in Kawasaki disease ". Acta Oto-Laryngologica 134 (4): 437–440. doi: . ISSN 0001-6489. PMID 24512428.
- ↑ K SAGGAR, A AHLUWALIA, P SANDHU, V KALIA (2006). "Mucocoele Of The Appendix ". Ind J Radiol Imag 16 (2). Archived from the original. .
- ↑ Gaeta, Michele; Vinci, Sergio; Minutoli, Fabio; Mazziotti, Silvio; Ascenti, Giorgio; Salamone, Ignazio; Lamberto, Salvatore; Blandino, Alfredo (2001). "CT and MRI findings of mucin-containing tumors and pseudotumors of the thorax: pictorial review ". European Radiology 12 (1): 181–189. doi: . ISSN 0938-7994. PMID 11868096.
- ↑ Subash S Phuyal, Mandeep Kumar MK Garg, Ritesh R Agarwal, Pankaj P Gupta, Arunaloke A Chakrabarti, Manavjit Singh MS Sandhu, Niranjan N Khandelwal (2015-09-02). "High-Attenuation Mucus Impaction in Patients With Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis: Objective Criteria on High-Resolution Computed Tomography and Correlation With Serologic Parameters ". Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology.
- ↑ Agarwal, Ritesh; Sehgal, Inderpaul Singh; Dhooria, Sahajal; Aggarwal, Ashutosh (2016). "Radiologic Criteria for the Diagnosis of High-Attenuation Mucus in Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis ". Chest 149 (4): 1109–1110. doi: . ISSN 00123692. PMID 27055707.
- ↑ Page 379 in: Ella A. Kazerooni, Barry H. Gross (2004). Cardiopulmonary Imaging . 4. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 9780781736558.
- ↑ page 210 in: Erwin Kuntz, Hans-Dieter Kuntz (2006). Hepatology, Principles and Practice: History, Morphology, Biochemistry, Diagnostics, Clinic, Therapy . Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9783540289777.
- ↑ Page 58 in: G. Maatman (2012). High-Resolution Computed Tomography of the Paranasal Sinuses and Pharynx and Related Regions: Impact of CT identification on diagnosis and patient management. Volume 12 of Series in Radiology . Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9789400942776.
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 Page 488 in: Jean-Claude Givel, Marco Merlini, David B. Clarke, Michael Dusmet (2012). Surgery of the Thymus: Pathology, Associated Disorders and Surgical Technique . Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9783642710766.
- ↑ 20.0 20.1 Rambow A, Staritz M, Wosiewitz U, Mildenburger P, Thelen M, Meyer zum Büschenfelde KH (1990). "Analysis of radiolucent gallstones by computed tomography for in vivo estimation of stone components ". Eur J Clin Invest 20 (4): 475–8. PMID 2121509. Archived from the original. .
- ↑ Bolliger, Stephan A.; Oesterhelweg, Lars; Spendlove, Danny; Ross, Steffen; Thali, Michael J. (2009). "Is Differentiation of Frequently Encountered Foreign Bodies in Corpses Possible by Hounsfield Density Measurement? ". Journal of Forensic Sciences 54 (5): 1119–1122. doi: . ISSN 00221198. PMID 19627414.