Hounsfield unit

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Author: Mikael Häggström [notes 1]
A Hounsfield unit (HU) is a measure of the radiodensity of a substance on a CT, where water has 0 HU and air has -1000 HU.

Substance HU
Air −1000
Fat −120 to −90[1]
Soft Tissue, Contrast +100 to +300
Bone
  • +200 in craniofacial bone
  • +700 in cancellous bone
  • +3000 in cortical bone
Fluids Chyle −30[2]
Water 0
Urine -5 to +15[1]
Bile -5 to +15[1]
CSF +15
Abscess +20 to +40[3]
Blood +13[4] to +50[5]
Clotted blood +50[6] to +75[4][6]
Mucus 0[7] - 130[8] ("high attenuating" at over 70 HU)[9][10]
Parenchyma Lung -700 to −600[11]
Kidney +20 to +45[1]
Liver 60 ± 6[12]
Lymph nodes +10 to +20[13]
Muscle +35 to +55[1]
Thymus
  • +20 to +40 in children[14]
  • +20 to +120 in adolescents[14]
White matter +20 to +30
Grey matter +37 to +45
Gallstone Cholesterol stone +30 to +100[15]
Bilirubin stone +90 to +120[15]
Foreign body[16] Windowpane glass 500
Aluminum, tarmac, car window glass, bottle glass, and other rocks 2,100 - 2,300
Limestone 2,800
Copper 14,000
Silver 17,000
Steel 20,000
Gold, steel, and brass 30,000 (upper measurable limit)

Notes

  1. For a full list of contributors, see article history. Creators of images are attributed at the image description pages, seen by clicking on the images. See Radlines:Authorship for details.

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Page 83 in: Herbert Lepor (2000). Prostatic Diseases . W.B. Saunders Company. ISBN 9780721674162. 
  2. Page 342 in: Luca Saba, Jasjit S. Suri (2013). Multi-Detector CT Imaging: Principles, Head, Neck, and Vascular Systems, Volume 1 . CRC Press. ISBN 9781439893845. 
  3. Sasaki, Toru; Miyata, Rie; Hatai, Yoshiho; Makita, Kohzoh; Tsunoda, Koichi (2014). "Hounsfield unit values of retropharyngeal abscess-like lesions seen in Kawasaki disease ". Acta Oto-Laryngologica 134 (4): 437–440. doi:10.3109/00016489.2013.878475. ISSN 0001-6489. 
  4. 4.0 4.1 Page 263 in: Robert Fosbinder, Denise Orth (2011). Essentials of Radiologic Science . Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 9780781775540. 
  5. page 20.17 in: F W Wright (2001). Radiology of the Chest and Related Conditions . CRC Press. ISBN 9780415281416. 
  6. 6.0 6.1 page 17 in: Dr. Avital Fast, Dorith Goldsher (2006). Navigating the Adult Spine: Bridging Clinical Practice and Neuroradiology . Demos Medical Publishing. ISBN 9781934559741. 
  7. K SAGGAR, A AHLUWALIA, P SANDHU, V KALIA (2006). Mucocoele Of The Appendix.
  8. Gaeta, Michele; Vinci, Sergio; Minutoli, Fabio; Mazziotti, Silvio; Ascenti, Giorgio; Salamone, Ignazio; Lamberto, Salvatore; Blandino, Alfredo (2001). "CT and MRI findings of mucin-containing tumors and pseudotumors of the thorax: pictorial review ". European Radiology 12 (1): 181–189. doi:10.1007/s003300100934. ISSN 0938-7994. 
  9. Subash S Phuyal, Mandeep Kumar MK Garg, Ritesh R Agarwal, Pankaj P Gupta, Arunaloke A Chakrabarti, Manavjit Singh MS Sandhu, Niranjan N Khandelwal (2015-09-02). "High-Attenuation Mucus Impaction in Patients With Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis: Objective Criteria on High-Resolution Computed Tomography and Correlation With Serologic Parameters. ". Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology. 
  10. Agarwal, Ritesh; Sehgal, Inderpaul Singh; Dhooria, Sahajal; Aggarwal, Ashutosh (2016). "Radiologic Criteria for the Diagnosis of High-Attenuation Mucus in Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis ". Chest 149 (4): 1109–1110. doi:10.1016/j.chest.2015.12.043. ISSN 00123692. 
  11. Page 379 in: Ella A. Kazerooni, Barry H. Gross (2004). Cardiopulmonary Imaging . 4. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 9780781736558. 
  12. page 210 in: Erwin Kuntz, Hans-Dieter Kuntz (2006). Hepatology, Principles and Practice: History, Morphology, Biochemistry, Diagnostics, Clinic, Therapy . Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9783540289777. 
  13. Page 58 in: G. Maatman (2012). High-Resolution Computed Tomography of the Paranasal Sinuses and Pharynx and Related Regions: Impact of CT identification on diagnosis and patient management. Volume 12 of Series in Radiology . Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9789400942776. 
  14. 14.0 14.1 Page 488 in: Jean-Claude Givel, Marco Merlini, David B. Clarke, Michael Dusmet (2012). Surgery of the Thymus: Pathology, Associated Disorders and Surgical Technique . Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9783642710766. 
  15. 15.0 15.1 Rambow A, Staritz M, Wosiewitz U, Mildenburger P, Thelen M, Meyer zum Büschenfelde KH (1990). "Analysis of radiolucent gallstones by computed tomography for in vivo estimation of stone components. ". Eur J Clin Invest 20 (4): 475-8. PMID 2121509. Archived from the original. . 
  16. Bolliger, Stephan A.; Oesterhelweg, Lars; Spendlove, Danny; Ross, Steffen; Thali, Michael J. (2009). "Is Differentiation of Frequently Encountered Foreign Bodies in Corpses Possible by Hounsfield Density Measurement? ". Journal of Forensic Sciences 54 (5): 1119–1122. doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2009.01100.x. ISSN 00221198.