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X-ray of hip dysplasia

238 bytes added, 10:35, 1 February 2020
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*(A) '''Hilgenreiner line'''. It is considered a basal line joining , connects the top aspect inferior tips of the iliac bones,<ref>[https://books.google.se/books?id=12DEBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA298 Page 298] in: {{cite book|title=Pediatric Orthopedic Imaging|author=Rebecca Stein-Wexler, Sandra L. Wootton-Gorges, M.B. Ozonoff|publisher=Springer|year=2014|isbn=9783642453816}}</ref> at the triradiate cartilagescartilage. This line is used to measure the acetabular angle and as a reference for Perkin line.
*(B) '''Perkin line''' is perpendicular to Hilgenreiner line, touching the lateral margin of the acetabulum. This leads to four quadrants and a normal femoral head has to be located in the inferomedial quadrant. We can measure the lateral displacement of the femoral head with regard to the Perkin line by dividing the width of the head that crosses the Perkin line by the diameter of the head. The value for patients under 3 years must be 0 and in older children this ranges from 0 to 22%.
*(C) '''Shenton line''' is a continuous arc drawn from the inner edge of the femoral neck to the superior margin of the obturator foramen. In children over about 3 to 4 years of age, this line should be smooth and undisrupted, otherwise it may indicate a fracture or hip dysplasia.<ref>Page [https://books.google.se/books?id=EKlGaJAv4y0C&pg=PA1000 Page 1000] in: {{cite book|title=Lovell and Winter's Pediatric Orthopaedics|author=Wood W. Lovell, Robert B. Winter, Raymond T. Morrissy, Stuart L. Weinstein|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=9780781753586}}</ref>
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