Changes

====Configuration of total arthroplasty====The direction of the acetabular cup influences the range of motion of the leg, and also affects the risk of dislocation.<ref name=Watt/> For this purpose, the ''acetabular inclination'' and the ''acetabular anteversion'' are measurements of cup angulation in the [[coronal plane]] and the [[sagittal plane]], respectively.

File:Acetabular inclination of hip prosthesis.jpg|'''Acetabular inclination'''.<ref name=Vanrusselt2015/> This parameter is calculated on an anteroposterior radiograph as the angle between a line through the lateral and medial margins of the acetabular cup and the ''transischial line'' which is tangential to the inferior margins of the [[ischium]] bones.<ref name=Vanrusselt2015>{{cite journal|last1=Vanrusselt|first1=Jan|last2=Vansevenant|first2=Milan|last3=Vanderschueren|first3=Geert|last4=Vanhoenacker|first4=Filip|title=Postoperative radiograph of the hip arthroplasty: what the radiologist should know|journal=Insights into Imaging|volume=6|issue=6|year=2015|pages=591–600|issn=1869-4101|doi=10.1007/s13244-015-0438-5|pmid=26487647}}</ref>

File:Acetabular anteversion of hip prosthesis.jpg|'''Acetabular anteversion'''.<ref name="ShinLee2015"/> This parameter is calculated on a lateral radiograph as the angle between the [[transverse plane]] and a line going through the (anterior and posterior) margins of the acetabular cup.<ref name="ShinLee2015">{{cite journal|last1=Shin|first1=W. C.|last2=Lee|first2=S. M.|last3=Lee|first3=K. W.|last4=Cho|first4=H. J.|last5=Lee|first5=J. S.|last6=Suh|first6=K. T.|title=The reliability and accuracy of measuring anteversion of the acetabular component on plain anteroposterior and lateral radiographs after total hip arthroplasty|journal=The Bone & Joint Journal|volume=97-B|issue=5|year=2015|pages=611–616|issn=2049-4394|doi=10.1302/0301-620X.97B5.34735}}</ref>

File:Leg length discrepancy after hip replacement.jpg|'''Leg length discrepancy''' after hip replacement is calculated as the vertical distance between the middle of the minor trochanters, using the acetabular tear drops<ref name=Vanrusselt2015/> or the transischial line<ref name=Watt/> as references for the horizontal plane. A discrepancy of up to 1&nbsp;cm is generally tolerated.<ref name=Vanrusselt2015/><ref name=Watt/>File:Center of rotation of hip prosthesis.jpg|'''Center of rotation''': The horizontal center of rotation is calculated as the distance between the acetabular teardrop and the center of the head (or caput) of the prosthesis and/or the native femoral head on the contralateral side.<ref name=Vanrusselt2015/> The vertical center of rotation instead uses the transischial line for reference.<ref name=Vanrusselt2015/> The parameter should be equal on both sides.<ref name=Vanrusselt2015/>

====Configuration of hemiarthroplasty====[[File:Hip prosthesis zones by DeLee and Charnley system, and Gruen systemFemoral offset in hemiarthroplasty (crop).jpg|thumb|250px170px|Hip prosthesis zones according to DeLee and Charnley,Femoral offset in hemiarthroplasty.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Adult Hip, Volume 1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-fwULYB1gJIC&pg=PA958|author=John J. Callaghan, Aaron G. Rosenberg, Harry E. Rubash|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|year=2007|isbn=978-0-7817-5092-9|pagename=958}}</ref> and Gruen.<ref"JonesBriffa2017">{{cite journal|last1=NeumannJones|first1=Daniel R.P.Carl|last2=ThalerBriffa|first2=ChristophNikolai|last3=HitzlJacob|first3=WolfgangJoshua|last4=HuberHargrove|first4=Monika|last5=Hofstädter|first5=Thomas|last6=Dorn|first6=UlrichRichard|title=Long-Term Results The Dislocated Hip Hemiarthroplasty: Current Concepts of a Contemporary Metal-on-Metal Total Hip ArthroplastyEtiological factors and Management|journal=The Open Orthopaedics Journal of Arthroplasty|volume=2511|issue=5Suppl-7, M4|year=20102017|pages=700–7081200–1212|issn=08831874-54033250|doi=10.10162174/j.arth.2009.05.0181874325001711011200}}</ref> These are used to describe the location of for example areas of loosening.]]

====Configuration of hemiarthroplasty====The main measures after hemiarthroplastyare:[[File:Femoral offset *'''Leg length discrepancy''' as in hemiarthroplastytotal arthroplasty above.jpg|thumb|*'''Femoral offset in hemiarthroplasty.]]The main measure after hemiarthroplasty is femoral (neck) offset''', which is defined as the perpendicular distance between the intramedullary or longitudinal axis of the femur and the center of rotation of the native or prosthetic femoral head. <ref name="JonesBriffa2017"/> An unnatural offset, as compared to the contralateral side, of less than 33 mm is associated with hip dislocation.<ref name="JonesBriffa2017NinhSethi2009">{{cite journal|last1=JonesNinh|first1=CarlChristopher C.|last2=BriffaSethi|first2=NikolaiAnil|last3=JacobHatahet|first3=JoshuaMohammed|last4=HargroveLes|first4=RichardClifford|last5=Morandi|first5=Massimo|last6=Vaidya|first6=Rahul|title=The Dislocated Hip Dislocation After Modular Unipolar Hemiarthroplasty: Current Concepts of Etiological factors and Management|journal=The Open Orthopaedics Journalof Arthroplasty|volume=1124|issue=Suppl-7, M45|year=20172009|pages=1200–1212768–774|issn=1874-325008835403|doi=10.21741016/1874325001711011200j.arth.2008.02.019}}</ref>

'''Cement''' coverage is regarded as acceptable when there are no translucent zones on an anteroposterior image in at least 6 of 7 Gruen-zones.<ref name=SOA/>  [[File:Hip prosthesis zones by DeLee and Charnley system, and Gruen system.jpg|thumb|250px|center|Hip prosthesis zones according to DeLee and Charnley,<ref>{{cite book|title=The Adult Hip, Volume 1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-fwULYB1gJIC&pg=PA958|author=John J. Callaghan, Aaron G. Rosenberg, Harry E. Rubash|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|year=2007|isbn=978-0-7817-5092-9|page=958}}</ref> and Gruen.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Neumann|first1=Daniel R.P.|last2=Thaler|first2=Christoph|last3=Hitzl|first3=Wolfgang|last4=Huber|first4=Monika|last5=Hofstädter|first5=Thomas|last6=Dorn|first6=Ulrich|title=Long-Term Results of a Contemporary Metal-on-Metal Total Hip Arthroplasty|journal=The Journal of Arthroplasty|volume=25|issue=5|year=2010|pages=700–708|issn=0883-5403|doi=10.1016/j.arth.2009.05.018}}</ref> These are used to describe the location of for example areas of loosening.]] Absence of cement in zone 7 (medially-proximally) needs to be noted. On a lateral image, the distal tip of the prosthesis should be centered, and not be in contact with the cortex.<ref name=SOA/> The cup should not have translucent zones in zone 1 and 2. It is acceptable to have translucent zones in parts of zone 3.<ref name=SOA/> ====Fractures====Have at least a glance at bony contours around the prosthesis in order to detect intraoperative fractures.<gallery>File:Intraoperative acetabular fracture, annotated.jpg|Intraoperative acetabular fracture</gallery>

*Prosthesis configuration. If the report is likely to undergo double reading, the parameters need to may be given in numbers even if within normal limits.