X-ray of intrauterine devices
Author:
Mikael Häggström [notes 1]
Planning
Indications
For intrauterine devices (IUDs), indications for imaging are mainly suspected perforation or expulsion, such as painful insertion and missing strings on vaginal examination.
Choice of modality
- Transvaginal ultrasonography is generally the initial investigation of choice.[1]
- Projectional radiography ("X-ray") of intrauterine devices can detect the absence versus presence of an intrauterine device, which is useful when an IUD is not found on vaginal examination and ultrasonography.[1]
- Low dose CT is indicated when specific anatomic location of the IUD is needed.
- Normal dose CT is indicated in suspected complications such as perforation of nearby organs and/or abscess formation.[1]
- MRI is rarely indicated, but can visualize an IUD with both 1.5-T and 3.0-T magnets.[1]
Settings
Anteroposterior view of whole abdomen,[2] preferably standing.[3] A lateral view may be taken as well[3][1] in non-pregnant and relatively older patients.
Notes
- ↑ For a full list of contributors, see article history. Creators of images are attributed at the image description pages, seen by clicking on the images. See Radlines:Authorship for details.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Boortz, Hillary E.; Margolis, Daniel J. A.; Ragavendra, Nagesh; Patel, Maitraya K.; Kadell, Barbara M. (2012). "Migration of Intrauterine Devices: Radiologic Findings and Implications for Patient Care ". RadioGraphics 32 (2): 335–352. doi:. ISSN 0271-5333.
- ↑ "Expulsion of a Spontaneously Broken Arm of a T- Shaped IUD: a Case Report ". ARC Journal of Public Health and Community Medicine 3 (2). 2018. doi:. ISSN 24560596.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Error on call to Template:cite web: Parameters url and title must be specifiedSarah Hagood Milton. . Medscape. Updated Nov 29, 2018
