Difference between revisions of "X-ray of the abdomen and pelvis"
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:These score are assigned separately for the right colon, the left colon and the rectosigmoid colon, resulting in a maximum score of 15. A Leech score of 9 or greater is regarded as positive for constipation.<ref name="LeechMcHugh1999"/> | :These score are assigned separately for the right colon, the left colon and the rectosigmoid colon, resulting in a maximum score of 15. A Leech score of 9 or greater is regarded as positive for constipation.<ref name="LeechMcHugh1999"/> | ||
*The Barr system rates both the amount and consistency of the faeces, and assigns a score separately for the ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon and rectum. Its maximum score is 22, and a score of 10 or greater is regarded as positive for constipation.<ref name="G.H.2012">{{cite journal|last1=G.|first1=Anthony|last2=H.|first2=Kathleen|title=The Role of Diagnostic Tests in Constipation in Children|journal=|year=2012|doi=10.5772/29213}}</ref> | *The Barr system rates both the amount and consistency of the faeces, and assigns a score separately for the ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon and rectum. Its maximum score is 22, and a score of 10 or greater is regarded as positive for constipation.<ref name="G.H.2012">{{cite journal|last1=G.|first1=Anthony|last2=H.|first2=Kathleen|title=The Role of Diagnostic Tests in Constipation in Children|journal=|year=2012|doi=10.5772/29213}}</ref> | ||
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+ | ==In adults== | ||
+ | <gallery widths=250 heights=200> | ||
+ | File:Diameters of the large intestine.svg|Average inner diameters and ranges of different sections of the large intestine, not accounting for geometric magnification of projectional radiography.<ref name=Nguyen>{{cite journal |vauthors=Nguyen H, Loustaunau C, Facista A, Ramsey L, Hassounah N, Taylor H, Krouse R, Payne CM, Tsikitis VL, Goldschmid S, Banerjee B, Perini RF, Bernstein C |title=Deficient Pms2, ERCC1, Ku86, CcOI in field defects during progression to colon cancer |journal=J Vis Exp |volume= |issue=41 |pages= |year=2010 |pmid=20689513 |pmc=3149991 |doi=10.3791/1931 |url=}}</ref> | ||
+ | </gallery> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} |
Revision as of 10:21, 28 May 2018
Author:
Mikael Häggström [notes 1]
Projectional radiography ("X-ray") of the abdomen and pelvis:
In children
Colon diameters
The diameters of different segments of the large intestine can be compared to the width of lumbar vertebra 2 for more consistent reference ranges on abdominal x-rays.[1]
Ratios of large intestinal segments compared to lumbar vertebra 2, as 75th percentile, meaning that 25% of children normally have a ratio higher than this.[1]
Leech score
For children, the degree of constipation may be scored by the Leech or the Barr systems:
- The Leech system assigns a score of 0 to 5 based on the amount of feces:[2]
- 0: no visible feces
- 1: scanty feces visible
- 2: mild fecal loading
- 3: moderate fecal loading
- 4: severe fecal loading
- 5: severe fecal loading with bowel dilatation
- These score are assigned separately for the right colon, the left colon and the rectosigmoid colon, resulting in a maximum score of 15. A Leech score of 9 or greater is regarded as positive for constipation.[2]
- The Barr system rates both the amount and consistency of the faeces, and assigns a score separately for the ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon and rectum. Its maximum score is 22, and a score of 10 or greater is regarded as positive for constipation.[3]
In adults
Average inner diameters and ranges of different sections of the large intestine, not accounting for geometric magnification of projectional radiography.[4]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Koppen, Ilan J. N.; Yacob, Desale; Di Lorenzo, Carlo; Saps, Miguel; Benninga, Marc A.; Cooper, Jennifer N.; Minneci, Peter C.; Deans, Katherine J.; et al. (2016). "Assessing colonic anatomy normal values based on air contrast enemas in children younger than 6 years ". Pediatric Radiology 47 (3): 306–312. doi: . ISSN 0301-0449. Archived from the original. .
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Leech, Susan C.; McHugh, Kieran; Sullivan, P. B. (1999). "Evaluation of a method of assessing faecal loading on plain abdominal radiographs in children ". Pediatric Radiology 29 (4): 255–258. doi: . ISSN 0301-0449.
- ↑ G., Anthony; H., Kathleen (2012). The Role of Diagnostic Tests in Constipation in Children . doi: .
- ↑ "Deficient Pms2, ERCC1, Ku86, CcOI in field defects during progression to colon cancer ". J Vis Exp (41). 2010. doi: . PMID 20689513.
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