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Regardless of age, 1 liter water is given orally 1 hours before the CT, as well as avoiding urination during 1 hour before, in order to increase renal filtration and distend the bladder.<ref name="RamanFishman2014"/> If the images show insufficient contrast filling in the renal pelvices and ureters, an additional image is taken after 5 minutes, possibly with the patient lying on the stomach to make gravity help fill the ureters.
If patient has flank pain, a '''[[CT of kidney stone disease]]''' (without IV contrast) should be done instead.
==Evaluation==
