Difference between revisions of "X-ray of calcaneal fractures"
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| + | |author1=[[User:Mikael Häggström|Mikael Häggström]] | ||
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==Planning== | ==Planning== | ||
Projectional radiography ("X-ray") is usually the initial modality for suspected calcaneal fracture. | Projectional radiography ("X-ray") is usually the initial modality for suspected calcaneal fracture. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
| + | {{Fracture detection on X-ray}} | ||
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[[File:Bohler's angle (raster).jpg|thumb|Bohler's angle<ref name=Miller2015>[https://books.google.com/books?id=cctQCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA562 Page 562] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171105193553/https://books.google.com/books?id=cctQCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA562 |date=2017-11-05 }} in: {{cite book|title=Miller's Review of Orthopaedics|author=Mark D. Miller|author2=Stephen R. Thompson|edition=7th|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|year=2015|isbn=9780323390422}}</ref>]] | [[File:Bohler's angle (raster).jpg|thumb|Bohler's angle<ref name=Miller2015>[https://books.google.com/books?id=cctQCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA562 Page 562] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171105193553/https://books.google.com/books?id=cctQCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA562 |date=2017-11-05 }} in: {{cite book|title=Miller's Review of Orthopaedics|author=Mark D. Miller|author2=Stephen R. Thompson|edition=7th|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|year=2015|isbn=9780323390422}}</ref>]] | ||
[[File:Gissane.jpg|thumb|Gissane's angle]] | [[File:Gissane.jpg|thumb|Gissane's angle]] | ||
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==Further evaluation== | ==Further evaluation== | ||
A [[CT scan of calcaneal fracture]] is currently the imaging study of choice for evaluating calcaneal injury.<ref name=pmid21257934>{{cite journal |last1=Badillo |first1=Kenneth |last2=Pacheco |first2=Jose A. |last3=Padua |first3=Samuel O. |last4=Gomez |first4=Angel A. |last5=Colon |first5=Edgar |last6=Vidal |first6=Jorge A. |title=Multidetector CT Evaluation of Calcaneal Fractures |journal=RadioGraphics |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=81–92 |year=2011 |pmid=21257934 |doi=10.1148/rg.311105036 }}</ref> | A [[CT scan of calcaneal fracture]] is currently the imaging study of choice for evaluating calcaneal injury.<ref name=pmid21257934>{{cite journal |last1=Badillo |first1=Kenneth |last2=Pacheco |first2=Jose A. |last3=Padua |first3=Samuel O. |last4=Gomez |first4=Angel A. |last5=Colon |first5=Edgar |last6=Vidal |first6=Jorge A. |title=Multidetector CT Evaluation of Calcaneal Fractures |journal=RadioGraphics |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=81–92 |year=2011 |pmid=21257934 |doi=10.1148/rg.311105036 }}</ref> | ||
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| + | ==Reporting== | ||
| + | {{Fracture reporting}} | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| − | *[[ | + | *[[X-ray of fractures]] |
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Latest revision as of 10:07, 12 December 2018
Author:
Mikael Häggström [notes 1]
Contents
Planning
Projectional radiography ("X-ray") is usually the initial modality for suspected calcaneal fracture.
Diagnosis
Even if there's an initial obvious fracture, evaluate:
- Bone contours for disruptions
- Bone areas for unusual lines that are either hypoattenuating (in case of separation) or hyperattenuating (in case of compression)
File:Bohler's angle (raster).jpg
Bohler's angle[1]
File:Gissane.jpg
Gissane's angle
On lateral radiographs, two angles are helpful in indicating a calcaneal fracture even when the fracture is not clearly visible:
- Bohler's angle, or the "Tuber Angle" is formed by the intersection of
- A line from the highest point of the posterior articular facet to the highest point of the posterior tuberosity.
- A line tangential to the superior edge of the tuberosity.[1]
Bohler's angle is normally 25° to 40°.[1] A decreased angle is indicative of a calcaneal fracture.
- The Angle of Gissane, also called "Critical Angle", is the angle formed by the downward and upward slopes of the calcaneal superior surface. An angle of Gissane of more than 130° suggests a fracture of the posterior subtalar joint surface.
Further evaluation
A CT scan of calcaneal fracture is currently the imaging study of choice for evaluating calcaneal injury.[2]
Reporting
See also
Notes
- ↑ For a full list of contributors, see article history. Creators of images are attributed at the image description pages, seen by clicking on the images. See Radlines:Authorship for details.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Page 562 in: Mark D. Miller; Stephen R. Thompson (2015). Miller's Review of Orthopaedics (7th ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 9780323390422.
- ↑ Badillo, Kenneth; Pacheco, Jose A.; Padua, Samuel O.; Gomez, Angel A.; Colon, Edgar; Vidal, Jorge A. (2011). "Multidetector CT Evaluation of Calcaneal Fractures ". RadioGraphics 31 (1): 81–92. doi:. PMID 21257934.
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