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| − | ==X-ray of the hip joint==
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| − | ===Osteoarthritis=== | + | ==Normal anatomy== |
| − | [[File:Hueftgelenk-gesund (crop).jpg|thumb|[[Hip joint]] with no signs of osteoarthritis.]]
| + | <gallery> |
| − | The most commonly used radiographic classification system for osteoarthritis of the [[hip joint]] is the '''Kellgren-Lawrence''' system (or K-L system).<ref>{{cite journal|title=Osteoarthritis of the hip: An overview|url=http://hrcak.srce.hr/139528?lang=en|journal=Periodicum biologorum|volume=117|issue=1|year=2015|author=Zdravko Jotanovic, Radovan Mihelic, Gordan Gulan, Branko Sestan, Zlatko Dembic}}</ref> It uses [[Projectional radiography|plain radiographs]].
| + | File:Tönnis angle of the hip.jpg |
| | + | </gallery> |
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| − | {| class="wikitable"
| + | ==Presentations== |
| − | |+ Kellgren-Lawrence system | + | <gallery> |
| − | |- | + | File:3D model expressing hip pain.jpg|link=X-ray of hip pain|[[X-ray of hip pain|X-ray of hip '''pain''']] |
| − | ! Grade
| + | </gallery> |
| − | ! Description
| + | ==Diseases== |
| − | |- | + | <gallery> |
| − | | 0
| + | File:Severe (Tönnis grade 3) osteoarthritis of the hip.jpg|link=X-ray of osteoarthritis of the hip joint|[[X-ray of osteoarthritis of the hip joint|X-ray of '''osteoarthritis''' of the hip joint]] |
| − | | No radiographic features of [[osteoarthritis]]
| + | File:X-ray of measurements in hip dysplasia.jpg|link=X-ray of hip dysplasia|[[X-ray of hip dysplasia|X-ray of '''hip dysplasia''']] |
| − | |-
| + | </gallery> |
| − | | 1
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| − | | Possible [[joint space narrowing]] (normal joint space is at least 2 mm at the superior acetabulum)<ref name="Lequesne2004">{{cite journal|last1=Lequesne|first1=M|title=The normal hip joint space: variations in width, shape, and architecture on 223 pelvic radiographs|journal=Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases|volume=63|issue=9|year=2004|pages=1145–1151|issn=0003-4967|doi=10.1136/ard.2003.018424|pmc=1755132}}</ref> and [[osteophyte]] formation
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| − | |-
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| − | | 2
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| − | | Definite [[osteophyte]] formation with possible [[joint space]] narrowing
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| − | |- | |
| − | | 3
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| − | | Multiple [[osteophyte]]s, definite [[joint space]] narrowing, [[Osteosclerosis|sclerosis]] and possible bony deformity
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| − | |- | |
| − | | 4 | |
| − | | Large [[osteophyte]]s, marked [[joint space]] narrowing, severe [[Osteosclerosis|sclerosis]] and definite bony deformity
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| − | |}
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| − | Osteoarthritis of the [[hip joint]] may also be graded by '''Tönnis classification'''. There is no consensus whether it is more or less reliable than the Kellgren-Lawrence system.<ref name="TerjesenGunderson2012">{{cite journal|last1=Terjesen|first1=Terje|last2=Gunderson|first2=Ragnhild B|title=Radiographic evaluation of osteoarthritis of the hip|journal=Acta Orthopaedica|volume=83|issue=2|year=2012|pages=185–189|issn=1745-3674|doi=10.3109/17453674.2012.665331}}</ref>
| + | ==Prosthesis== |
| − | | + | <gallery> |
| − | [[File:Severe (Tönnis grade 3) osteoarthritis of the hip.jpg|thumb|Severe (Tönnis grade 3) osteoarthritis of the hip.]]
| + | File:Acetabular anteversion of hip prosthesis.jpg|link=X-ray of hip prostheses|[[X-ray of hip prostheses|X-ray of '''hip prostheses''']] |
| − | | + | </gallery> |
| − | {| class="wikitable"
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| − | |+ Tönnis classification<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.preventivehip.org/hip-scores/tonnis-classification|title=Tönnis Classification of Osteoarthritis by Radiographic Changes|website=Society of Preventive Hip Surgery|accessdate=2016-12-13}}</ref>
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| − | |-
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| − | ! Grade
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| − | ! Description
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| − | |-
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| − | | 0 || No osteoarthritis signs
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| − | |-
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| − | | 1 || Mild:
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| − | *increased [[osteosclerosis]]
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| − | *minor joint space narrowing (normal joint space is at least 2 mm at the superior acetabulum)<ref name="Lequesne2004"/>
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| − | *no or minor loss of head sphericity
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| − | |-
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| − | | 2 || Moderate:
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| − | *small [[bone cyst]]
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| − | *moderate joint space narrowing
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| − | *moderate loss of head sphericity
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| − | |-
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| − | | 3 || Severe:
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| − | *large bone cysts
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| − | *severe joint space narrowing, or joint space obliteration
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| − | * severe deformity of the head
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| − | |}
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| − | | |
| − | ==References==
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| − | {{reflist}}
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