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Fluoroscopy of central venous catheters

133 bytes added, 13:36, 22 March 2019
Contrast imaging
*Set the '''projection''' to be:*A small field-of-view.<ref name="KnutstadHager2016"/> :*Posteroanterior projection, or slightly oblique to avoid superimposing the spine.<ref name=Helsingborg/>*Check if it is possible to '''aspirate''' from the catheter.*For ports, first inject a first small amount of contrast to and image is taken when the contrast fills the port '''chamber and the catheter ''', to exclude malfunction.<ref name=Helsingborg/>*Imaging of the '''outflow ''' from the catheter is imaged done at 10-15<ref name="Frequency" group="notes">A frequency of 2-4 images per second has also been suggested (Knutstad, 2016), which confers a lower radiation dose but makes it more difficult to determine the dynamic flow of contrast.</ref> images per second.<ref name=Helsingborg/>
After the procedure, the system should be flushed with 20 - 30 ml normal saline.<ref name=Helsingborg/>
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