Difference between revisions of "Ultrasonography of the biliary tract"
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*Scan the entire '''gallbladder''' in both its axial and transverse plane, looking mainly for gallstones (see [[Ultrasonography of gallstones|Ultrasonography of '''gallstones''']]) and wall thickening (see [[Ultrasonography of thickened gallbladder wall|Ultrasonography of '''thickened gallbladder wall''']]). | *Scan the entire '''gallbladder''' in both its axial and transverse plane, looking mainly for gallstones (see [[Ultrasonography of gallstones|Ultrasonography of '''gallstones''']]) and wall thickening (see [[Ultrasonography of thickened gallbladder wall|Ultrasonography of '''thickened gallbladder wall''']]). | ||
[[File:Ultrasonography of perihilar bile ducts, labeled.jpg|thumb|220px|Borderline of a dilated perihilar bile duct (see [[Ultrasonography of gallstones|Ultrasonography of ''gallstones'']] for detailed ranges).]] | [[File:Ultrasonography of perihilar bile ducts, labeled.jpg|thumb|220px|Borderline of a dilated perihilar bile duct (see [[Ultrasonography of gallstones|Ultrasonography of ''gallstones'']] for detailed ranges).]] | ||
| − | *Measure the width of the '''bile ducts''', which is usually easiest for the perihilar bile duct (which is the region where the common hepatic duct becomes the common bile duct, at the hilum of the liver). A normal width of the perihilar bile duct can be reported as for the extrahepatic bile ducts, since it also excludes a more distal common bile duct obstruction. | + | *Measure the width of the '''bile ducts''', which is usually easiest for the perihilar bile duct (which is the region where the common hepatic duct becomes the common bile duct, at the hilum of the liver). A normal width of the perihilar bile duct can be reported as for the extrahepatic bile ducts, since it also excludes a more distal common bile duct obstruction. The common bile duct is normally up to 8 mm.<ref name="HoeffelAzizi2006">{{cite journal|last1=Hoeffel|first1=Christine|last2=Azizi|first2=Louisa|last3=Lewin|first3=Maité|last4=Laurent|first4=Valérie|last5=Aubé|first5=Christophe|last6=Arrivé|first6=Lionel|last7=Tubiana|first7=Jean-Michel|title=Normal and Pathologic Features of the Postoperative Biliary Tract at 3D MR Cholangiopancreatography and MR Imaging|journal=RadioGraphics|volume=26|issue=6|year=2006|pages=1603–1620|issn=0271-5333|doi=10.1148/rg.266055730}}</ref> If dilated, see '''[[Ultrasonography of dilated bile ducts]]'''. |
:Also take a look at intrahepatic bile ducts to rule out obvious dilation. | :Also take a look at intrahepatic bile ducts to rule out obvious dilation. | ||
<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
Revision as of 14:30, 17 December 2018
Author:
Mikael Häggström [notes 1]
Ultrasonography of the biliary tract encompasses the gallbladder as well as the intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts.
Basic screening
The biliary tract is sometimes best evaluated in the intercostal space (between the ribs), and sometimes in the upper right abdominal quadrant during inspiration (possibly with the patient turned to the right for gallbladder visualization), so both should be attempted.
- Scan the entire gallbladder in both its axial and transverse plane, looking mainly for gallstones (see Ultrasonography of gallstones) and wall thickening (see Ultrasonography of thickened gallbladder wall).
File:Ultrasonography of perihilar bile ducts, labeled.jpg
Borderline of a dilated perihilar bile duct (see Ultrasonography of gallstones for detailed ranges).
- Measure the width of the bile ducts, which is usually easiest for the perihilar bile duct (which is the region where the common hepatic duct becomes the common bile duct, at the hilum of the liver). A normal width of the perihilar bile duct can be reported as for the extrahepatic bile ducts, since it also excludes a more distal common bile duct obstruction. The common bile duct is normally up to 8 mm.[1] If dilated, see Ultrasonography of dilated bile ducts.
- Also take a look at intrahepatic bile ducts to rule out obvious dilation.
- Ultrasonography of dilated intrahepatic bile ducts.jpg
Dilated intrahepatic bile ducts.[2]
It is usually preferable to also perform a general upper abdominal screening.
Report
Example in a normal case:
Gallbladder with thin wall and no gallstones. Normal width of the intra-and extrahepatic bile ducts.
- See also: General notes on reporting
Diseases
Notes
- ↑ For a full list of contributors, see article history. Creators of images are attributed at the image description pages, seen by clicking on the images. See Radlines:Authorship for details.
References
- ↑ Hoeffel, Christine; Azizi, Louisa; Lewin, Maité; Laurent, Valérie; Aubé, Christophe; Arrivé, Lionel; Tubiana, Jean-Michel (2006). "Normal and Pathologic Features of the Postoperative Biliary Tract at 3D MR Cholangiopancreatography and MR Imaging ". RadioGraphics 26 (6): 1603–1620. doi:. ISSN 0271-5333.
- ↑ Yoo, Youngsun; Mun, Seongpyo (2015). "Synchronous double primary squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the extrahepatic bile duct: a case report ". Journal of Medical Case Reports 9 (1). doi:. ISSN 1752-1947.
